V
元素符号:V
中文名称:钒
英文名称:Vanadium
原子序数:23
原子量:50.94
外围电子排布:3d3 4s2
核外电子排布:2,8,11,2
常见化合价:+2,+3,+4,+5
密度:5.8
溶点:1890
沸点:3407
所属周期:4
所属族数:VB
原子半径:1.92
离子半径:0.54(+5)
共价半径:1.22
同位素及放射性:V-50(放 βε) *V-51
发现人:Nils Sefstr鰉
发现时间:1830
发现地点:瑞典
名称由来:From Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis.
元素描述:Soft, ductile, silvery-white metal. Resistant to corrosion by moisture, air and most acids and alkalis at room temperature.
元素来源:Found in the minerals patronite (VS4), vanadinite [Pb5(VO4)3Cl], and carnotite [K2(UO2)2(VO4)2.3H2O]. Pure metal produced by heating with C and Cl to produce VCl3 which is heated with Mg in Ar atmosphere.
元素用途:It is mixed with other metals to make very strong and durable alloys. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is used as a catalyst, dye and color-fixer.