N
元素符号:N
中文名称:氮
英文名称:Nitrogen
原子序数:7
原子量:14.01
外围电子排布:2s2 2p3
核外电子排布:2,5
常见化合价:-3,+1,+2,+3,+4,+5
密度:0.0012506
溶点:-209.86
沸点:-195.8
所属周期:2
所属族数:VA
原子半径:0.75
离子半径:1.71(-3)
共价半径:0.75
同位素及放射性:*N-14 N-15
发现人:Daniel Rutherford
发现时间:1772
发现地点:苏格兰
名称由来:Greek: nitron and genes, (soda forming).
元素描述:Colorless, odorless, tasteless, generally inert gas. Fifth most abundant element in the universe. Makes up about 78% of earth's atmosphere.
元素来源:Obtained from liquid air by fractional distillation.
元素用途:Primarily to produce ammonia and other fertilizers. Also used in making nitric acid, which is used in explosives. Also used in welding and enhanced oil recovery.