Ca
元素符号:Ca
中文名称:钙
英文名称:Calcium
原子序数:20
原子量:40.08
外围电子排布:4s2
核外电子排布:2,8,8,2
常见化合价:+2
密度:1.55
溶点:839
沸点:1484
所属周期:4
所属族数:IIA
原子半径:2.23
离子半径:1.00(+2)
共价半径:1.74
同位素及放射性:*Ca-40 Ca-42 Ca-43 Ca-44 Ca-46 Ca-48
发现人:Sir Humphrey Davy
发现时间:1808
发现地点:英格兰
名称由来:Latin: calx, calcis (lime).
元素描述:Fairly hard, silvery-white metal. Fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust (41,500 ppm). Occurs only in compounds.
元素来源:Obtained from minerals like chalk, limestone & marble. Pure metal is produced by replacing the calcium in lime (calcium carbonate, CaCO3) with aluminium in hot, low pressure retorts.
元素用途:Used by many forms of life to make shells and bones. Virtually no use for the pure metal, however two of its compounds are, lime (CaO) and gypsum (CaSO4), are in great demand by a number of industries.